Arc lighting



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. S. W. RUSHMORE.

ARC LIGHTING.

No. 541,290. Patented June 18,1895.

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m5 NORRIS PETERS c0. PHOYO-LIYHO. w 111111111 0 c (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

S. W. RUSHMORE.

ARC LIGHTING No. 541,290. Patented June 18,1895.

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL IV. RUSHMORE, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

ARC LIGHTING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 541,290, dated June 18, 1895.

Application filed March 20, I 8 9 5 To ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL NV. RUsHMORE, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, county of Kings, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Are Lighting, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to are lighting.

The main object of the invention is to provide a construction of lamp, and a system of connecting several of the lamps, whereby more than one lamp can be successfully used in series on constant potential circuits. This is accomplished byso constructing the lamps, and so connecting them, that 'the feeding of the carbon or carbons in each lamp is controlled not by a coil or magnet in shunt to its own arc'only, but by such coil or magnet and by an extra coil or magnet in shunt to another are in the series so that the arcs will be kept equal,'as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are diagrammatic views illustrating the invention. Figs. 3 and 4 show other forms and features of the invention.

In Fig.1 two are lamps, l, 2, are indicated in series in the circuit 3. 4 indicates a clutch lever, or other suitable feed controlling device or mechanism for the movable carbon. No attempt is made to show a feeding mechanism in detail, since the invention resides in the controlling coils and connections, rather than in such mechanism, and it should be understood that the invention is not limited to a special type or construction of lamp. Preferably each lamp is provided with four terminals or binding posts 5, 6, 7, 8, for the convenient connection of necessary wires. 9 indicates a series or are striking coil, which may be located in any well-known or suitable manner, and which is connected on one side to main post 5, and on the other to one of the carbons, as indicated at 10. The opposite carbon is connected to the second main post 6 by wire 11. The posts 5, 6, are double, that is, have means for securing two wires thereto separately, so that the line wire 3 and the wire 16 can be connected as shown in Fig. 3. From the series circuit at each lamp branches a shunt 12, including a shunt coil 13, having a suitable armature connected to the feeding mechanism, and connected by wire 14: to the opposite Serial No. 542,462. (No model.)

post 6 of the lamp. As described thus far the lamp does not differ from lamps now wellknown except as to the binding posts. Each lamp is, however, provided with an extra coil 15 connected to posts 7, S,and arranged so as to act on the feeding mechanism in opposition to the regular shunt coil 13. Ooil 15 is shown as acting on the part 4 on the opposite side of its pivot from coil13,but this particular arrangement is not essential. When two lamps are to be used in series the posts 7, S, of lamp 1 are connected to the main posts 6, 5, of lamp 2, and posts 7, S,of lamp 2 are connected to posts 6, 5, of lamp 1. To save one wire between the lamps post 8 of-lamp 1 may be connected to post- 6, and post 7 of lamp 2 to post 5, thereby utilizing the main circuit wire 3 between the lamps as part of the extra shunt circuits.

The coil 15 may be connected directly to post 6 at lamp 1, and post 5 to lamp 2, as indicated at lamp 1, Fig. 2; but it is more convenient to use said four posts. It will be seen that coil 13 is connected to both main binding posts of its lamp, while coil 15 is disconnected from at least one of said posts, so as not to be in shunt to the are at that lamp.

Evidently, lamps constructed as described can be used independently of each other as well as in series and interdependent. In the former case the connections 16, 17, 18, would be omitted and coils 15 would be idle, but would not interfere with the operation of the lamps. The extra shunt coils 15, each in shunt to another lamp than its own, can readily be put into lamps already constructed without them.

The operation of the lamps when in series is as follows: The regular shunt coils 13, tend to cause feed of the carbons as the arcs lengthen and the potential thereat increases; but this tendency to feed is opposed by coils 15. It, therefore, one lamp should attempt or tend to draw a longer are than the other its higher voltage will cause the opposing magnet or coil in the other lamp to prevent its feeding until the lamp having such longer are shall have fed sufficiently to restore the balance of the arcs. The arcs are therefore kept of practically the same length.

In high voltage systems when more than two lamps are to be used in series, they will be arranged in pairs 1, 2, as indicated in Fig.

2, in which the partsare numbered as in Fig.

1. While this wiltnot entirely overcome'the irregularity of feeding because all the lamps are not interdependent, it will largely reduce such irregularity of feeding. With this arrangement a standard lamp is adapted for use without change in different systemsa When the number of lamps in series is uneven one lamp will be connected as at.1., the coil 15 being disconnected, or the odd lamp may be without a coil 15.

Fig. 3 shows another arrangement of the coils and feed mechanism of a lamp. 9is the series coil for striking t-he arc't. 1 3 istal coil in shunt to the arc of its lamp, being connected to the main lamp terminalsz5,,6,,and adapted-to-raise the releasing detent e to=allowi theupper carbon to descend, 1-5 is. an=exs trai coil'connected in shuntto another-[lamp in. the manner alreadydescribed, Ooil=15 acts on the armature.- lever in opposition to 1-3 19 are contacts carried by but insulated from the pivoted frame 20'of thefeedi mechanism, 7

andwhen in: the position shown: are in: contact withvcontacts-21, closing the shunt cir-- cuit's; When: the seriesimagnet releases its armature these contacts separate,- opening: the shunt circuits, thereby protecting the shunt coilswhenthe. lamp is out of use.

IntFig. at a-re'ind-icated: lamps with at shuntarcstriking coil,,andi withnoseriescoih 13f ist lie mainlshu-nt coil: in: each lamp andzlfi are ex-tracoils wound, connected-,or mounted so as to act in opposition to coils 1-3.-.l Coils 15' are-notin: shunttov the arcs of. their own lamps,.but-.each.is.in' shunt to theia-nc ofi the other lampfor the purpose: above:v indicated.

In view-of theinumber ofi connect-ions iti is. of greatadvantage to employ: four separate binding postson each lamp and. to connect the two-lampsby. a-cable c, having ith reewiresi heldiindefinite relationito 62101110111181, whereby correct. connections are surely and convenientlyt made. One of thewi res-shouldt be aslarge .as the linewire. The o.t'hers,.wh.ichonly carry the shunt currents,.may besmall wires.- B y arran gin gthebinding postsinthe manner:describe.d;,thelamps can be made all. alike and any one of the lamps can'be oni the positive-or on thenegativeside. Inoneca'se; wire 16 is placed between. posts'ti,.8-, and in the other case',bet ween15,,71. In-.Fig..4t he regular'and extra shunt coils-at eachlamp: are shown onta single core. Themoi'ls 13 will; preferably bestronger-t-han coils 15 so asto' striket-he arcsandthen'he opposed-'bycoilsl'J.

I claim--- 1. The combinatiom in an arc-lamp having; suitable carbonsandi feeding mechanism of two shuntcoils arranged to act in:- opposition on said feeding mechanism-,one'ofi said coils beingconnected tObOIh-Infllll terminalsiof-sthe lam p, andthe-second coil being disconnected: from at least one mainterminal-ofthe lamp, sothat it will not be in shunt to the-a-rc of 2 The combination of two are lamps con= nected in series, each: lamp having suitable carbons and feeding mechanism, a coil at each of the lamps in shunt to its own are and a second coil at one lamp, but in shunt to the arc of the other lamp, and arranged to act in "opposition to t-he other shunt coil, substantially as described.

The combination of two arc lamps connected in series, each lamp having suitable carbons and feeding mechanism, a coil at each of thelamps in shunt to its own are only, Tand a second coil at each lamp in shunt to the @aficof tliex other'lamp only, substantially as described.

4. The combinationwit-h-a circuit of four or. morearczlamps in series therein, the lamps beingarranged; in pairs the feeding of one lampmf each pair being-controlled: or modifiediby a coil-inishunt to its own-arc and by a.coil:in shunt to thearc-of thesecond: lamp only of the pair, substantially as-described.

5. The-combinationgwith a circuit, of an uneveni number ofiarc lampsiiniseriestherein, .thelampsbeingarrangedv in pairs, the feeding'ofone lamp of each painbeing controlledor modifiediby; a coilin shunt to'its-own a-rc andz by aicoil' inshunt. to the arc of the second. lamp only of thepa-i'r,. and.t=he oddla-mp having; nooperating second shunt coil, sub

stantially as described.

6.. The combinatiomjn anarc lamp having suitable-canbons andifeedingmechanism, of a ,seriesiaarc" striking coil, and' two. shunt coils arranged toiact'. inoppositionon said feeding mechanism, one of said. coils-being'connected to bothlmai'ntterminalsrof its la-mp,zandthe second-coihbeing; disconnected-from at least 'one mainatenminalz of the lamp sothat it: will not be in shunt to the arc of saidzla-mp;

. 7'. The. combination, in-an arc lamp having suitable carbons-and! feeding: mechanisnn of two shunticoilsfanranged to act in opposition on said feeding; mechan-ism,.one of saidcoils being-.connectedto both main terminals-of the lampandthesecond beingdisconnected from .at least one main terminal: of the. lamp, so that itwilhnotbezi-n shunt to the arc-of said lamp there being two main and two extra ibinding postsionz each: lamp for making; saidconnection.

8.-- The. combinatiomin ala-mp havingsuitable carbonsand' feeding mechanism,,of two 1 shunt. coils: arrangedt'O fiCt. in opposition on: said feeding; mechanism, one of said' shunt coilstbeingin shunt tothe arc of said lamp,

and the-other: ofi saidicoilsi not being inshunt to. said arc,,buti having connections adapted to connect the coil in shuntto'another arc, and means for. automatically openingthecir- ;cui.ts of-. saidshunt coilswhen current ceases topass-throughthe: arc.-

9;. The combination in a la'mphaving suit- 1 able carbons and: feeding mechanism, of.a=.seriesarc stnikingcoiland twoshunt coils arsa-id lamp, substantially asdescri-bed.

, -ranged to act in opposition on said feeding mechanism, one of said shuntcoils being in In testimony that I claim the foregoing as shunt to the arc of said lamp, and the other my invention Ihave signed my name, in pres- 10 of said coils not being in shunt to said arc, ence of two witnesses,-this 14th day of March, but having connections adapted to connect 1895.

the coil in shunt to another are, and means SAMUEL XV. RUSHMORE. for automatically opening the circuits of the Witnesses: said shunt coils when the current ceases to ROBT. T. POWELL,

pass through the arc. O. M. CATLIN. 

